世界上最長的吊橋
瀏覽: 3423發(fā)布: 2012-08-30
1524年，一位鮮為人知的意大利人維拉薩諾駕船駛進(jìn)紐約港，并將該港命名為安古拉姆。他對該港作了這樣的描述：“地理位置十分適宜，位于兩座小山的中間，一條大河從中間流過”。雖然維拉薩諾絕對算不上一個偉大的探險家，但他的名字將流芳百世，因?yàn)?964年11月21日建成一座世界上最長的吊橋是以他的名字命名的。
維拉薩諾大橋由奧斯馬·阿曼設(shè)計，連結(jié)著布魯克林與斯塔頓島，橋長4，260英尺。由于橋身太長，設(shè)計者不得不考慮了地表的形狀。兩座巨塔支撐著4根粗大的鋼纜。塔身建在巨大的水下鋼筋混凝土平臺上。平臺深入海底100英尺。僅這兩座塔就花了16個月才建成。塔身高出水面將近700英尺。高塔支撐著鋼纜，而鋼纜又懸吊著大橋。4根鋼纜中的每根由26，108股鋼繩組成。據(jù)估計，若橋上擺滿了汽車，也只不過是橋的總承載力的1/3。然而，這座橋的重要特點(diǎn)不僅是它的規(guī)模與強(qiáng)度。盡管此橋很大，但它的結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，造型優(yōu)美，實(shí)現(xiàn)了設(shè)計者企圖創(chuàng)造一個“盡量用細(xì)線條勾畫出一個龐然大物”的夢想。
Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angoulame. He described it as a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river. Though Verrazano is by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name wil probably remain immoral, for on November 21st, 1964, the longest suspension bridge in the world was named after him.
The Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island. It has a span of 4,260 feet. The bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer. Two great towers support four huge cables. The towers are built on immense underwater platforms made of steel and concrete. The platforms extend to a depth of over 100 feet under the sea. These alone took sixteen months to build. Above the surface of the water, the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet. They support the cables from which the bridge has been suspended. Each of the four cables contains 26,108lengths of wire. It has been estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its total capacity. However, size and strength are not the only important things about this bridge. Despite its immensity, it is both simple and elegant, fulfilling its designer’s dream to create ‘a(chǎn)n enormous object drawn as faintly as possible’.
